PAL (Program-Aided Language Models)

Gao и др., (2022) (opens in a new tab) представляют метод, который использует LLM-модели для чтения проблем естественного языка и генерации программ в качестве промежуточных шагов рассуждения. Названные "program-aided language models" (PAL), они отличаются от цепочки мыслей в том, что вместо использования свободного текста для получения решения они передают этот шаг решения в программное окружение, такое как интерпретатор Python.

Источник изображения: Gao и др., (2022) (opens in a new tab)

Давайте рассмотрим пример с использованием LangChain и OpenAI GPT-3. Мы заинтересованы в разработке простого приложения, которое способно интерпретировать заданный вопрос и предоставлять ответ, используя интерпретатор Python.

Конкретно, нас интересует создание функциональности, позволяющей использовать LLM для ответов на вопросы, требующие понимания даты. Мы предоставим LLM подсказку, которая включает несколько образцов, взятых отсюда (opens in a new tab).

Вот импорты, которые нам понадобятся:

import openai
from datetime import datetime
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
import os
from langchain.llms import OpenAI
from dotenv import load_dotenv

Давайте сначала настроим несколько вещей:

load_dotenv()
 
# API configuration
openai.api_key = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
 
# for LangChain
os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")

Настройка экземпляра модели:

llm = OpenAI(model_name='text-davinci-003', temperature=0)

Настройка подсказки + вопроса:

question = "Today is 27 February 2023. I was born exactly 25 years ago. What is the date I was born in MM/DD/YYYY?"
 
DATE_UNDERSTANDING_PROMPT = """
# Q: 2015 is coming in 36 hours. What is the date one week from today in MM/DD/YYYY?
# If 2015 is coming in 36 hours, then today is 36 hours before.
today = datetime(2015, 1, 1) - relativedelta(hours=36)
# One week from today,
one_week_from_today = today + relativedelta(weeks=1)
# The answer formatted with %m/%d/%Y is
one_week_from_today.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
# Q: The first day of 2019 is a Tuesday, and today is the first Monday of 2019. What is the date today in MM/DD/YYYY?
# If the first day of 2019 is a Tuesday, and today is the first Monday of 2019, then today is 6 days later.
today = datetime(2019, 1, 1) + relativedelta(days=6)
# The answer formatted with %m/%d/%Y is
today.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
# Q: The concert was scheduled to be on 06/01/1943, but was delayed by one day to today. What is the date 10 days ago in MM/DD/YYYY?
# If the concert was scheduled to be on 06/01/1943, but was delayed by one day to today, then today is one day later.
today = datetime(1943, 6, 1) + relativedelta(days=1)
# 10 days ago,
ten_days_ago = today - relativedelta(days=10)
# The answer formatted with %m/%d/%Y is
ten_days_ago.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
# Q: It is 4/19/1969 today. What is the date 24 hours later in MM/DD/YYYY?
# It is 4/19/1969 today.
today = datetime(1969, 4, 19)
# 24 hours later,
later = today + relativedelta(hours=24)
# The answer formatted with %m/%d/%Y is
today.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
# Q: Jane thought today is 3/11/2002, but today is in fact Mar 12, which is 1 day later. What is the date 24 hours later in MM/DD/YYYY?
# If Jane thought today is 3/11/2002, but today is in fact Mar 12, then today is 3/12/2002.
today = datetime(2002, 3, 12)
# 24 hours later,
later = today + relativedelta(hours=24)
# The answer formatted with %m/%d/%Y is
later.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
# Q: Jane was born on the last day of Feburary in 2001. Today is her 16-year-old birthday. What is the date yesterday in MM/DD/YYYY?
# If Jane was born on the last day of Feburary in 2001 and today is her 16-year-old birthday, then today is 16 years later.
today = datetime(2001, 2, 28) + relativedelta(years=16)
# Yesterday,
yesterday = today - relativedelta(days=1)
# The answer formatted with %m/%d/%Y is
yesterday.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
# Q: {question}
""".strip() + '\n'

llm_out = llm(DATE_UNDERSTANDING_PROMPT.format(question=question))
print(llm_out)

exec(llm_out)
print(born)

Это выведет следующее: 02/27/1998

Directional Stimulus Prompting ReAct